MULADHARA CHAKRA: The root center at the base of the spine. Muladhara means “root foundation”

It has four petals and is the seat of the cosmic earth element. Its seed syllable (bija mantra) is Lam.
It rules the sense organ of smell, the nose, and the organ of action, the anus (elimination), though some connect it to the sex organs.
On a physical level, it relates to the sacral plexus and to the excretory system. In the endocrine system, it works through the adrenals.
On a psychological level, it is the site of ignorance and fear.

SVADHISTHANA CHAKRA: “sex center” is located just above the root center in the region of the sex organs.

It has six petals and is the seat of the cosmic water element. Its seed syllable (bija mantra) is Vam.
It rules the sense organ of taste, the tongue, and the organ of action, the reproductive organ (emission).
On a physical level, it relates to the coccyx and to the urinogenital system, though some relate it to elimination in general. In the endocrine system, it relates to the testes in men and the uterus in women.
On a psychological level, it is the site of desire.

MANIPURA CHAKRA: at the navel center. Manipura means “the city of gems” because this chakra is the seat of fire.

It has ten petals and rules the cosmic fire element. Its seed syllable is Ram.
It rules the sense organ of sight, the eyes, and the organ of action, the feet (movement).
On a physical level, it relates to the solar plexus and to the digestive system (particularly the liver and small intestine). Of the endocrine glands, it relates to the pancreas.
On a psychological level, it relates to ego and personal will.

ANAHATA CHAKRA: at the heart center. Anahata means “unstruck sound,” as it is from here that inner sounds or natural music of the subtle body arise.

It has twelve petals and is the seat of the cosmic air element. Its seed syllable is Yam.
It rules the sense organ of touch, the skin, and the organ of action, the hands (grasping). As the air chakra, it is the origin of all the Pranas.
On a physical level, it relates to the heart plexus and to the circulatory system. In the endocrine system, it works through the thymus.
On a psychological level, it is the site of devotion and spiritual aspiration.

VISHUDDHA CHAKRA: at the throat center. Vishuddha means “very pure,” as this center is very subtle.

It has sixteen petals and is the seat of the cosmic ether element. Its seed syllable is Ham.
It rules the organ of sound, the ears, and the organ of action, the mouth (expression).
On a physical level, it relates to the throat and larynx and to the respiratory system. In the endocrine system, it works through the thyroid.
On a psychological level, it is the site of clear expression and the source of inspiration.

AJNA CHAKRA: at the third eye. Ajna means “command” and this is called the center of command, from here the other chakras are guided.

It has two petals and is the seat of the mind and the mind space or mental ether (which underlies the elemental ether), and the Cosmic Mind. Its seed syllable is Ksham, meaning patience, peace and fortitude.
On an outer level, it rules the mind as both a sense organ and an organ of action.
On a physical level, it relates to the cerebellum and medulla oblongata and governs the involuntary nervous system. In the endocrine system, it works through the pituitary gland.
On an inner or psychological level, it is the site of the individual soul (Jivatman)

SAHASRA PADMA CHAKRA: just above the head. Its Sanskrit name means the “thousand-petalled lotus”.

It has a thousand petals and is the seat of the spirit (Atman or Purusha) or the Cosmic Self. Its seed syllable is Om.
As the seat of the true Self, it is the source and guide of all the energies of the body, the essence of life itself.
On a physical level, it relates to the cerebrum and governs the voluntary nervous system. In the endocrine system, it functions through the pineal gland.
On an inner or psychological level, it is the location of the supreme Self (Paramatman).

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